GASKIYA: Forging karfe za a iya raba carbon karfe, low gami karfe, matsakaici gami karfe da high gami karfe.Daban-daban karafa suna da kaddarorin da amfani daban-daban. Irin su 5CrMnMo, 3Cr2W8V karfe da aka yi amfani da shi wajen kera ƙirƙira mai zafi ya mutu;1Cr13, 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 4Cr13 karfe amfani da kayan aikin likita;1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti karfe da aka yi amfani da shi a sassa masu jurewa;Mn13 karfe da aka yi amfani da shi a sassa masu jurewa;amfani da babban zafin jiki 5CrMo, 4Cr10Si2Mo karfe don sassa;ko 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 2205, 45, 42CrMo, 27SiMn, 40CrNiMo, 40Cr, Q345B/C/D/E, GCr15 karfe, da dai sauransu don silinda ƙirƙira;ko na kayan ƙirƙira 40Cr, 42CrMo, 20CrMnMo, 20CrMnTi, 42CrMo, 40Cr ƙarfe da sauransu.
Anan akwai wani yanki daga sassa daban-daban na ƙirƙira na yau da kullun don bincike mai sauƙi.Duba ƙasa:
1. 20 Simn
- Yana da takamaiman ƙarfi da tauri, kyakkyawan aikin injina, da kyakkyawan aikin walda.Za a iya maye gurbin 27SiMn da S45C karfe;
- Dace da walƙiya electroslag, guda na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa props da sassa tare da babban sashe bango kauri;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥ 450;Ƙarfin haɓaka ≥ 255;Tsawaitawa ≥ 14;Tasirin makamashi ≥ 39;Girman sashi (diamita ko kauri): 600 ~ 900mm;
- Hanyoyin magance zafi na gama gari: normalizing + tempering.
2. 35 Simn
- Yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, juriya na sawa, tauri da juriya ga kasala, injina mai kyau, ƙarfin ƙarfi mai kyau, rashin aikin walda mara kyau, da matsakaicin nakasar sanyi.Kyakkyawan tattalin arziki, yana iya maye gurbin 40Cr gaba ɗaya ko kuma ya maye gurbin karfe 40CrNi;
- Gabaɗaya ana amfani da su a cikin ƙanana da matsakaici daban-daban shafts da gears,kamar kayan aikin watsawa, manyan raƙuman ruwa, sanduna, madaurin jujjuya, igiyoyi masu haɗawa, tsutsotsi, tram shafts, shafu na janareta, crankshafts, flywheels, hubs, impellers, shebur iyawa, garma shafts, Thin-bango sumul karfe bututu.Daban-daban muhimmai fasteners da manya da kanana jabu;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥885MPa;Ƙarfin haɓaka ≥735MPa;Tsawaitawa ≥15;Tasirin makamashi ≥47;
- Hanyoyi na magance zafi na gama gari: kashe digiri 900, sanyaya ruwa, zafin jiki 570, sanyaya ruwa ko sanyaya mai.
3. 50SiMn
- High ƙarfi da kyau tauri, mai kyau lalata juriya, high zafin jiki hadawan abu da iskar shaka juriya, sauki filastik aiki, high surface gama, da kuma ji na ƙwarai to fushi brittleness.Za a iya maye gurbin 40Cr;
- Ana amfani dashi mafi yawa don manyan kayan zobe, ƙafafu da sassan shaft tare da ƙanana da matsakaicin sassan giciye.
4.16MnCr
- Karfe na gear da aka shigo da shi daga Jamus, daidai daKasar Sin 16CrMnH, yana da kyau mai kyau da kuma machinability mai kyau, babban tauri mai tsayi, tsayin daka mai tsayi, da ƙananan tasirin tasirin zafi;
- Yawanci ana amfani da su don manyan sassa, irin su gears, shafts gear, tsutsotsi, hannun hatimi, hatimin mai injin turbine, hannayen man fetur da kusoshi, da sauransu;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi 880-1180;Ƙarfin haɓaka 635;Tsawaitawa 9;Taurin ≤297HB;
- Ƙayyadaddun maganin zafi: 900°C mai kashe mai + 870°C mai quenching, 200°C tempering.
5.20MnCr
- Karfe da aka shigo da shi daga Jamus.daidai da 20CrMn a kasar Sin, za a iya amfani da shi azaman quenched da tempered karfe.Kyakkyawan hardenability, ƙananan raunin maganin zafi, ƙarancin zafin jiki mai kyau, kyakkyawan aikin yankan, amma maras kyau weldability;
- Ana iya amfani dashi don sassa tare da ƙananan ɓangaren giciye, matsakaicin matsa lamba kuma babu babban tasiri mai tasiri,irin su gears, shafts, igiyoyi masu haɗawa, rotors, hannayen riga, ƙafafun gogayya, tsutsotsi, manyan shafts, haɗin gwiwa, haɗin kai na duniya, gyare-gyaren hannun rigar mai sarrafa sauri da ƙusoshin murfin murfin jirgin ruwa mai girma, da dai sauransu;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi 1482;ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa 1232;elongation 13;tasiri taurin darajar 73;taurin 357HB;
- Ƙayyadaddun maganin zafi: 900 ° C man quenching + 870 ° C mai quenching, 200 ° C tempering
6.20CrMnTi
- Carburized karfe.Ƙarƙashin ƙarfin yana da girma, injin yana da kyau, nakasar mashin ɗin ƙanƙara ce, kuma juriya na gajiya yana da kyau.Yana da babban tasiri mai ƙarancin zafi da ƙarfi da matsakaicin weldability;
- Ana amfani da shi mafi yawa a cikin kayan watsawa na mota, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman gears, shafts, gears, zobe, kawunan giciye, da dai sauransu;sassa masu mahimmanci tare da ɓangaren giciye na ƙasa da 30mm, irin su gears, zobe gears, gear shafts, zamiya bearings, manyan shafts, kambori clutches, tsutsotsi, giciye kawunansu, da dai sauransu;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥1080(110);Ƙarfin Haɓaka≥835(85);Tsawaitawa≥10;Tasirin makamashi≥55;Ƙimar taurin tasiri≥69(7);Taurin≤217HB;
- Heat magani bayani dalla-dalla: Quenching: karo na farko 880 ℃, karo na biyu 870 ℃, mai sanyaya;tempering 200 ℃, ruwa sanyaya, iska sanyaya.
7.20MnMo
- Kyakkyawan aikin walda.Abubuwan sinadaran SA508-3cl.2 karfe yana da kama da haka;
- Ana amfani da shi don matsakaicin zafin jiki da tasoshin matsa lamba, irin su kai, murfin ƙasa, Silinda, da dai sauransu;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥470;Ƙarfin haɓaka ≥275;Tsawaitawa ≥14;Tasirin makamashi ≥31.
8.25CrMo4
- Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da taurin kai, ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, babu fushi, kyakyawan walƙiya, ƙarancin ƙima don samar da fashe sanyi, injina mai kyau da ƙarancin filastik.
- Gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi a cikin quenched da tempered ko carburized da quenched jihar, ana amfani da shi don kera high-matsi bututu da daban-daban fasteners da aiki a cikin wadanda ba lalatattu kafofin watsa labarai da kuma kafofin watsa labarai dauke da nitrogen da hydrogen gaurayawan tare da aiki zafin jiki a kasa 250 ℃, kuma mafi girma-matakin. kutsawa sassan Carbon, kamar gears, shafts, faranti mai matsa lamba, sandunan haɗin piston, da sauransu;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥ 885 (90);Ƙarfin haɓaka ≥ 685 (70);Tsawaitawa ≥ 12;Tasirin makamashi ≥ 35;Ƙimar taurin tasiri ≥ 98 (10);Taurin ≤ 212HB;
- Heat magani bayani dalla-dalla: quenching a 880 ℃, ruwa sanyaya, mai sanyaya;tempering a 500 ℃, ruwa sanyaya, mai sanyaya.
9.35CrMo
- High creep ƙarfi da karko a high zafin jiki, dogon lokaci aiki zazzabi iya isa 500 ℃;matsakaicin filastik lokacin sanyi nakasawa, mara kyau weldability;low zafin jiki zuwa -110 ℃, tare da high tsaye ƙarfi, tasiri tauri da kuma high gajiya ƙarfi, Good hardenability, babu hali zuwa overheat, kananan quenching nakasawa, m plasticity a lokacin sanyi nakasawa, matsakaici machinability, amma akwai na farko irin fushi brittleness, kuma weldability ba shi da kyau.Yana bukatar a preheated zuwa 150 ~ 400 digiri Celsius kafin walda.Maganin zafi bayan walda don kawar da damuwa.Kullum amfani bayan quenching da tempering, shi kuma za a iya amfani da bayan high da matsakaici mita surface quenching ko quenching da low da matsakaici zazzabi tempering;
- An fi amfani dashi don kera mahimman sassa a cikin injuna daban-daban waɗanda ke ɗaukar tasiri, lanƙwasa da torsion, da manyan lodi, kamar manyan gears na sashe, madaidaitan watsawa mai nauyi, injin injin injin tururi, manyan magudanar ruwa, masu goyan baya, gears, crankshafts, crankshafts, sandunan guduma , Haɗa sanduna, fasteners, high-matsi sumul kauri-bango conduits, da dai sauransu.;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥ 985 (100);Ƙarfin haɓaka ≥ 835 (85);Tsawaitawa ≥ 12;Rage yanki ≥ 45;Tasirin makamashi ≥ 63;Ƙimar taurin tasiri ≥ 78 (8);Taurin ≤ 229HB;
- Heat magani bayani dalla-dalla: quenching 850 ℃, mai sanyaya;tempering 550 ℃, ruwa sanyaya, mai sanyaya.
10.42CrMo
- Yana da kyawawan kaddarorin inji da kuma aiki,kuma ƙarfinsa da taurinsa sun fi 35CrMo;
- An yi amfani da shi don kera ƙirƙira tare da ƙarfi mafi girma ko mafi girma quenched da tempered sashe fiye da 35CrMo karfe, kamar manyan gears don locomotive gogayya, supercharger watsa kaya, raya axles, haɗa sanduna, masu ragewa, haɗa shaft duniya couplings da 8.8 maki , Bolts, kwayoyi, washers. , da dai sauransu a diamita har zuwa 100mm;
- Hardnessing na sama 255 ~ 207hb, da wuya wuya ≥60HRC;
11.50CrMo
- Ƙarfi da taurin sun fi 42CrMo, ana amfani da su gabaɗaya bayan quenching da tempering.Za a iya maye gurbin karfen da aka kashe da mai zafi tare da mafi girman abun ciki na nickel;
- An yi amfani da shi don kera ƙirƙira tare da ƙarfin mafi girma ko babban sashi fiye da 42CrMo karfe, kamar manyan gears don gogayya na locomotive, supercharger watsa kayan aiki, axles na baya, injin silinda, 1200 ~ 2000m mai zurfin rijiyar hako bututu, kayan aikin kamun kifi, sandunan piston da Grade 8.8 fasteners tare da diamita na 100 ~ 160mm;
- Tsarin maganin zafi: quenching 850 °;mai sanyaya: mai;zafin jiki 560 °;mai sanyaya: ruwa, mai;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi shine MPa1080;Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine MPa930;elongation shine 12, raguwar yanki shine 45, kuma tasirin tasiri shine 63;
12.20CrMnMo
- Ƙarfe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ƙarfi sama da 15CrMnMo;ƙananan ƙananan filastik da tauri, mafi girman ƙarfin ƙarfi da kaddarorin inji fiye da 20CrMnTi;mai kyau m inji Properties da ƙananan zafin jiki tasiri tauri bayan quenching da tempering;mafi girma bayan carburizing da quenching Yana da ƙarfin lanƙwasa mai girma da juriya, amma yana da sauƙi ga fasa yayin niƙa;mara kyau weldability, dace da juriya waldi, preheating kafin waldi, da kuma tempering bayan waldi;mai kyau machinability da zafi workability.Ana iya amfani dashi maimakon 12Cr2Ni4;
- Yawanci ana amfani da shi don kera manyan sassa masu mahimmanci na carburized tare da babban tauri, babban ƙarfi, ƙarfin ƙarfi da juriya, kamar crankshafts, camshafts, sanduna masu haɗawa, kayan kwalliyar kaya, gears, filayen fil, da sauransu;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥ 1180;Matsayin Haɓaka ≥ 885;Tsawaitawa bayan karaya ≥ 10;Sashe raguwa ≥ 45;Ayyukan sha na tasiri ≥ 55;Brinell taurin ≤ 217;
- Heat magani: quenching dumama zafin jiki na 850 ℃;tempering dumama zafin jiki na 200 ℃;
13.18MnMoNb
- High zafin jiki juriya a kasa 500 ~ 530 ℃, mai kyau waldi da aiki yi;
- Yawanci amfani da sinadaran high-matsi tasoshin, na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa cylinders, na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa shafts, da dai sauransu Low-gawa tsarin karfe ga boilers da matsa lamba tasoshin.Yana da babban ƙarfi da yawan amfanin ƙasa, kyakkyawan aikin sarrafa thermal da matsakaicin zafin jiki, tsarin samarwa mai sauƙi, aikin walda mai kyau, da juriya mai zafi.An yi amfani da shi wajen kera ganguna masu tururi mai ƙarfi da manyan kwantena na sinadarai;kuma ana amfani da shi azaman manyan magudanan ruwa na turbines na ruwa da masu samar da ruwa, da mashinan AC da DC;
- Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥635;Ƙarfin haɓaka ≥510;Tsawaitawa 17;Dakin tasirin tasirin taurin darajar 69;
- Heat jiyya bayani dalla-dalla: general normalizing + tempering jiyya: 950 ~ 980 ℃ normalizing, zafi kiyayewa 1.5min～2.0min/mm, 600～650℃ tempering, zafi kiyayewa 5min～7min/mm, iska sanyaya.
14.42MnMoV
- Ƙarfe mai ƙarancin ƙarfi da zafin jiki.Za a iya maye gurbin 42CrMo;
- An fi amfani dashi don yin shafts da gears, da dai sauransu;
- A surface quenching taurin ne 45 ~ 55HRC;Ƙarfin ƙarfi ≥765;ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ≥590;elongation ≥12;rage yanki ≥40;tasiri makamashi ≥31;taurin 241-286HB.
Source: adabin ƙwararrun injiniyoyi.
Edita: Ali
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-16-2021